kubernetes 1.18.10 二进制部署

发表于2020-11-16更新于2020-12-01

1. 初始化系统环境

参考链接：

[https://www.zhho.cn/2020/09/27/Centos7%E5%88%9D%E5%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E9%80%82%E5%90%88k8s%E8%BF%90%E8%A1%8C%E7%9A%84%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83/]:

所有服务器时间同步

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yum -y install ntpdate
crontab -e
*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com;/sbin/hwclock -w; &>/dev/null

配置hosts主机名解析

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[root@k8s-master1 ~]# tail -5 /etc/hosts
192.168.7.11 k8s-master1
192.168.7.12 k8s-master2
192.168.7.13 k8s-master3
192.168.7.14 k8s-node1
192.168.7.15 k8s-node2

2. 部署Etcd集群

Etcd 是一个分布式键值存储系统，Kubernetes使用Etcd进行数据存储，所以先准备一个Etcd数据库，为解决Etcd单点故障，应采用集群方式部署，这里使用3台组建集群，可容忍1台机器故障，当然，你也可以使用5台组建集群，可容忍2台机器故障。

节点名称 IP
etcd-1 192.168.7.11
etcd-2 192.168.7.12
etcd-3 192.168.7.13

注：为了节省机器，这里与k8s节点机器复用。也可以独立于k8s集群之外部署，只要apiserver能连接到就行。

2.1 准备cfssl证书生成工具

cfssl是一个开源的证书管理工具，使用json文件生成证书，相比openssl更方便使用。
找任意一台服务器操作，这里用Master1节点。

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mkdir /root/tools 
cd /root/tools
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo

2.2 生成Etcd证书

2.2.1自签证书颁发机构（CA）
2.2.1.1 创建工作目录：
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mkdir -p ~/TLS/{etcd,k8s}
cd TLS/etcd
2.2.1.2自签CA：
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cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

字段说明

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ca-config.json：可以定义多个 profiles，分别指定不同的参数；后续在签名证书时使用某个profile；
signing：表示该证书可用于签名其它证书；生成的 ca.pem 证书中 CA=TRUE；
server auth：表示client可以用该 CA 对server提供的证书进行验证；
client auth：表示server可以用该CA对client提供的证书进行验证；
profiles 中的 www 是后面cfssl gencert 命令值profiles 指定的值，要相互对应。
2.2.1.3 生成证书：
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cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem
2.2.2 使用自签CA签发Etcd HTTPS证书
2.2.2.1 创建证书申请文件：
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cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.7.11",
    "192.168.7.12",
    "192.168.7.13"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。

2.2.2.2 生成证书：
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cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

2.3 从Github下载etcd二进制文件并部署

2.3.1 下载etcd二进制文件
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cd /root/tools
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.4.9/etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
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2.3.2 部署Etcd集群

注：以下在节点1上操作，为简化操作，待会将节点1生成的所有文件拷贝到节点2和节点3.

2.3.2.1 创建工作目录并解压二进制包
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mkdir /opt/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
tar zxvf etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv etcd-v3.4.9-linux-amd64/{etcd,etcdctl} /opt/etcd/bin/
2.3.2.2 创建etcd配置文件
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cat > /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf << EOF
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.7.11:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.7.11:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.7.11:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.7.11:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.7.11:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.7.12:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.7.13:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

字段说明

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ETCD_NAME：节点名称，集群中唯一
ETCD_DATA_DIR：数据目录
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS：集群通信监听地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS：客户端访问监听地址
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS：集群通告地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS：客户端通告地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER：集群节点地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN：集群Token
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE：加入集群的当前状态，new是新集群，existing表示加入已有集群
2.3.2.3 systemd管理etcd
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cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
ExecStart=/opt/etcd/bin/etcd \
--cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--logger=zap
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
2.3.2.4 拷贝刚才生成的证书

把刚才生成的证书拷贝到配置文件中的路径/opt/etcd/ssl下面

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cp ~/TLS/etcd/ca*pem ~/TLS/etcd/server*pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
2.3.2.5 将上面节点1所有生成的文件拷贝到节点2和节点3
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scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.7.12:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.7.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.7.13:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.7.13:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

注：在节点2和节点3分别修改etcd.conf配置文件中的节点名称和当前服务器IP：

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vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-1"   # 修改此处，节点2改为etcd-2，节点3改为etcd-3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.7.11:2380"   # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.7.11:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.7.11:2380" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.7.11:2379" # 修改此处为当前服务器IP
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-1=https://192.168.7.11:2380,etcd-2=https://192.168.7.12:2380,etcd-3=https://192.168.7.13:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
2.3.2.6 所有节点启动etcd并设置开机启动
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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start etcd
systemctl enable etcd
2.3.2.7 查看集群状态
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ETCDCTL_API=3 /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --cacert=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.7.11:2379,https://192.168.7.12:2379,https://192.168.7.3:2379" endpoint health

https://192.168.7.11:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 16.954243ms
https://192.168.7.12:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 21.02197ms
https://192.168.7.13:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 22.448277ms

如果输出上面信息，就说明集群部署成功。如果有问题第一步先看日志：/var/log/message 或 journalctl -u etcd

3. 安装Docker

3.1 配置docker阿里云yum源进行安装

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cd /etc/yum.repos.d/  &&  wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

cp /usr/share/bash-completion/completions/docker /etc/bash_completion.d/

mkdir -p /etc/docker/

cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
    "log-driver": "json-file",
    "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
    "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m",
    "max-file": "3"
    },
    "live-restore": true,
    "max-concurrent-downloads": 10,
    "max-concurrent-uploads": 10,
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://2lefsjdg.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
    "storage-driver": "overlay2",
    "storage-opts": [
    "overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
    ]
}
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable --now docker

4. 部署Master Node

4.1 生成kube-apiserver证书

4.1.1 创建自签证书颁发机构（CA）
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cat > ca-config.json << EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF
cat > ca-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF
4.1.1.1 生成证书：
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cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

ls *pem
ca-key.pem  ca.pem
4.1.2 使用自签CA签发kube-apiserver HTTPS证书
4.1.2.1 创建证书申请文件：
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cd TLS/k8s
cat > server-csr.json << EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.7.11",
      "192.168.7.12",
      "192.168.7.13",
      "192.168.7.14",
      "192.168.7.15",
      "192.168.7.16",
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

注：上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有Master/LB/VIP IP，一个都不能少！为了方便后期扩容可以多写几个预留的IP。

4.1.2.2 生成证书：
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cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

ls server*pem
server-key.pem  server.pem

4.2 从Github下载kubernetes二进制文件包并解压

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下载地址： https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG/CHANGELOG-1.18.md#v1183

注：打开链接你会发现里面有很多包，下载一个server包就够了，包含了Master和Worker Node二进制文件。

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cd ~/tools
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.18.10/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs} 
tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin
cp kube-apiserver kube-scheduler kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin
cp kubectl /usr/bin/

4.3 部署kube-apiserver

4.3.1 创建配置文件
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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf << EOF
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.7.11:2379,https://192.168.7.12:2379,https://192.168.7.13:2379 \\
--bind-address=192.168.7.11 \\
--secure-port=6443 \\
--advertise-address=192.168.7.11 \\
--allow-privileged=true \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \\
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \\
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true \\
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \\
--service-node-port-range=30000-32767 \\
--kubelet-client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \\
--kubelet-client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \\
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \\
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \\
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem \\
--audit-log-maxage=30 \\
--audit-log-maxbackup=3 \\
--audit-log-maxsize=100 \\
--audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/logs/k8s-audit.log"
EOF

注：上面两个\ \ 第一个是转义符，第二个是换行符，使用转义符是为了使用EOF保留换行符。

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–logtostderr：启用日志
—v：日志等级
–log-dir：日志目录
–etcd-servers：etcd集群地址
–bind-address：监听地址
–secure-port：https安全端口
–advertise-address：集群通告地址
–allow-privileged：启用授权
–service-cluster-ip-range：Service虚拟IP地址段
–enable-admission-plugins：准入控制模块
–authorization-mode：认证授权，启用RBAC授权和节点自管理
–enable-bootstrap-token-auth：启用TLS bootstrap机制
–token-auth-file：bootstrap token文件
–service-node-port-range：Service nodeport类型默认分配端口范围
–kubelet-client-xxx：apiserver访问kubelet客户端证书
–tls-xxx-file：apiserver https证书
–etcd-xxxfile：连接Etcd集群证书
–audit-log-xxx：审计日志
4.3.2 拷贝刚才生成的证书到配置文件中的路径
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cp ~/TLS/k8s/ca*pem ~/TLS/k8s/server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
4.3.3 启用 TLS Bootstrapping 机制

TLS Bootstraping：Master apiserver启用TLS认证后，Node节点kubelet和kube-proxy要与kube-apiserver进行通信，必须使用CA签发的有效证书才可以，当Node节点很多时，这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作，同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。为了简化流程，Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书，kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书，kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。所以强烈建议在Node上使用这种方式，目前主要用于kubelet，kube-proxy还是由我们统一颁发一个证书。
TLS bootstraping 工作流程：
在这里插入图片描述

4.3.3.1 创建上述配置文件中token文件：
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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv << EOF
c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:node-bootstrapper"
EOF

格式：token，用户名，UID，用户组
token也可自行生成替换：

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head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
4.3.4 systemd管理apiserver
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cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \$KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
4.3.5 拷贝节点1 kube-apiserver相关信息到节点2与节点3
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scp -r /opt/kubernetes k8s-master2:/opt/
scp -r /opt/kubernetes k8s-master3:/opt/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
注意：在节点2与节点3的配置文件修改对应节点的ip
4.3.6 启动所有节点的kube-apiserver并设置开机启动
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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-apiserver
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
4.3.7 授权kubelet-bootstrap用户允许请求证书
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kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap

4.4 部署kube-controller-manager

4.4.1 创建配置文件
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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf << EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--leader-elect=true \\
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \\
--bind-address=127.0.0.1 \\
--allocate-node-cidrs=true \\
--cluster-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \\
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \\
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem  \\
--root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \\
--service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \\
--experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h0m0s"
EOF

–master：通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。
–leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）
–cluster-signing-cert-file/–cluster-signing-key-file：自动为kubelet颁发证书的CA，与apiserver保持一致

4.4.2 systemd管理controller-manager
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cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \$KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
4.4.3 拷贝节点1 kube-controller-manager相关信息到节点2与节点3
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scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf k8s-master2:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager.conf k8s-master3:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
4.4.4 所有节点启动kube-controller-manager并设置开机启动
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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager

4.5 部署kube-scheduler

4.5.1 创建配置文件
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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf << EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \
--v=2 \
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \
--leader-elect \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--bind-address=127.0.0.1"
EOF

–master：通过本地非安全本地端口8080连接apiserver。
–leader-elect：当该组件启动多个时，自动选举（HA）

4.5.2 systemd管理scheduler
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cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \$KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
4.5.3 节点1 kube-scheduler相关信息到节点2与节点3
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scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf k8s-master2:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler.conf k8s-master3:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service k8s-master2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service k8s-master3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
4.5.4 所有节点启动kube-scheduler并设置开机启动
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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-scheduler
systemctl enable kube-scheduler

5 部署Worker Node

5.1 创建工作目录并拷贝二进制文件

5.1.1 在所有worker node创建工作目录：
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mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl,logs}
5.1.2 从master节点拷贝二进制文件：
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cd /root/tools/kubernetes/server/bin
scp kubelet kube-proxy  k8s-node1:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
scp kubelet kube-proxy  k8s-node2:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

5.2 部署kubelet

5.2.1 创建配置文件
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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf << EOF
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--hostname-override=k8s-node1 \\
--network-plugin=cni \\
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \\
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml \\
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \\
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause-amd64:3.1"
EOF

–hostname-override：显示名称，集群中唯一
–network-plugin：启用CNI
–kubeconfig：空路径，会自动生成，后面用于连接apiserver
–bootstrap-kubeconfig：首次启动向apiserver申请证书
–config：配置参数文件
–cert-dir：kubelet证书生成目录
–pod-infra-container-image：管理Pod网络容器的镜像

5.2.2 配置参数文件
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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 0.0.0.0
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: systemd
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local 
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: false
  webhook:
    cacheTTL: 2m0s
    enabled: true
  x509:
    clientCAFile: /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem 
authorization:
  mode: Webhook
  webhook:
    cacheAuthorizedTTL: 5m0s
    cacheUnauthorizedTTL: 30s
evictionHard:
  imagefs.available: 15%
  memory.available: 100Mi
  nodefs.available: 10%
  nodefs.inodesFree: 5%
maxOpenFiles: 1000000
maxPods: 110
EOF
5.2.3 生成bootstrap.kubeconfig文件
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KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.7.16:8443" # apiserver IP:PORT
TOKEN="c47ffb939f5ca36231d9e3121a252940" # 与token.csv里保持一致

# 生成 kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig 配置文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials "kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --token=${TOKEN} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user="kubelet-bootstrap" \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

拷贝到配置文件路径：

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cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg
5.2.4 systemd管理kubelet
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cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \$KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
5.2.5 启动并设置开机启动
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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kubelet
systemctl enable kubelet

5.3 批准kubelet证书申请并加入集群

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# 查看kubelet证书请求
kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE    SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-fYL006u6tQlmuoM0rPwIcQZC8g-vRNinWHs1j7sIzJg   6m3s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

# 批准申请
kubectl certificate approve node-csr-fYL006u6tQlmuoM0rPwIcQZC8g-vRNinWHs1j7sIzJg

# 查看节点
kubectl get node
NAME         STATUS     ROLES    AGE   VERSION
k8s-node1   NotReady   <none>   2m20s   v1.18.10

注：由于网络插件还没有部署，节点会没有准备就绪 NotReady

5.4 部署kube-proxy

5.4.1 创建配置文件
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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf << EOF
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=false \\
--v=2 \\
--log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/logs \\
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml"
EOF
5.4.2 配置参数文件
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cat > /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy-config.yml << EOF
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
metricsBindAddress: 0.0.0.0:10249
clientConnection:
  kubeconfig: /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig
hostnameOverride: k8s-node1
clusterCIDR: 10.0.0.0/24
EOF
5.4.3 生成kube-proxy.kubeconfig文件
5.4.3.1 生成kube-proxy证书：
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# 切换工作目录
cd TLS/k8s

# 创建证书请求文件
cat > kube-proxy-csr.json << EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

# 生成证书
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

ls kube-proxy*pem
kube-proxy-key.pem  kube-proxy.pem
5.4.3.2 生成kubeconfig文件：
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KUBE_APISERVER="https://192.168.7.16:8443"

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

拷贝到配置文件指定路径：

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5.4.4 systemd管理kube-proxy
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cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.conf
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \$KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
5.4.5 启动并设置开机启动
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systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start kube-proxy
systemctl enable kube-proxy